Motorcycles

Motorcycles are powered by internal-combustion engines and primarily used for transportation, but also for sport (including racing), and leisure. Designs vary widely to suit a range of purposes, such as long-distance travel, commuting, cruising, and off-road riding. Motorcyclists are also members of a distinct subculture, which includes a wide variety of related social activities such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.

There is a strong appeal to motorcycles because of their power, speed, and agility. They also offer the rider a feeling of freedom and empowerment not available on passenger vehicles. The physical skill required to maneuver a motorcycle requires practice, and riders develop confidence as they learn to control acceleration, braking pressure, cornering speed, and body position. This sense of accomplishment helps to explain the addictive nature of motorcycle riding, and it contributes to the strong sense of camaraderie among motorcyclists.

The earliest motorcycles were two-wheeled vehicles with steam or gasoline engine propulsion. Inventors began to experiment with adding engines to bicycles in the 1800s, and the first true motorcycle was developed by German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in 1885. This early machine was not a success, but the basic principles of motorcycle dynamics were established.

The design of modern motorcycles has evolved over the decades. Smaller and lighter two-stroke motorcycles replaced the large and heavy British models of the 1930s and 1940s. During this period, Honda and other Japanese manufacturers introduced modern motorcycles that were smaller, cheaper, more reliable, and of better quality than their European competitors, and they quickly gained market share in the world market.